UX Pillar · Case Study

Designing for people who didn't ask to be designed for

Translating clinical trial workflows into a usable digital system — for users who were expert, time-poor, and had a paper process they already trusted.

Client Healthcare & Research Organisation
Sector Clinical / Life Sciences
Role Business Analyst / UX
Pillar UX
Deliverables Wireframes, User Stories, AC
The Challenge

Earning the right to replace paper

This case study picks up after a requirements reset on a clinical trials digitisation project — the analytical groundwork had been done, the workflows were properly mapped, and the brief was sound. The UX challenge was distinct: designing a system that three different clinical user types would actually adopt, in an environment where the paper alternative was familiar, fast, and trusted.

If it slows me down, I'll go back to the forms.

— Clinical researcher, workflow session

That comment shaped every design decision that followed. The paper workflow wasn't just habit — it was a known quantity in a compliance-sensitive environment. Any digital replacement had to earn its place by being immediately legible to people who hadn't asked for it.

The Users

Three roles, one intermediary

Direct access to end users was limited throughout. A Senior Lab Technician served as the primary operational contact, which meant design decisions were often validated through one person's interpretation of three distinct roles rather than by the users themselves. That filter was managed by structuring reviews around specific, role-bounded questions — but it remained a constraint worth naming.

User role A

Clinician

Recording observations under time pressure, often away from a desk. Any friction in the data entry flow would be abandoned in favour of paper. Familiarity at first glance was non-negotiable.

User role B

Researcher

Primary consumer of captured data. High analytical literacy and zero tolerance for ambiguous or incomplete records — a system that accepted partial data was worse than no system at all.

User role C

Coordinator

The operational centre — scheduling, cross-role communication, exception handling. Most motivated to see the paper system replaced, and most dependent on real-time visibility of flags and handoffs.

Design Artefact — Annotated Wireframe
TRIAL RECORD / OBSERVATION ENTRY CT-2024-007 › Patient 14 › Week 6 Observation VITALS Blood pressure Heart rate Temperature OBSERVATIONS Clinical notes — required for all week 6 observations FLAGS & EXCEPTIONS Adverse event to report Protocol deviation Requires coordinator follow-up Save record Save & continue Field grouping mirrors paper form Clinicians complete in same sequence. Reduces relearning at point of use. Required field — audit trail No record saved without clinical notes. Validated on save. Flags trigger coordinator queue Replaces verbal handoff. Coordinator sees flagged items in their dashboard. Action label is literal, not generic "Save record" not "Submit". Clinician controls when the record is complete.

Observation entry screen — mid-fidelity wireframe with design rationale annotations. Layout mirrors the paper form sequence. Exception flags replace the verbal coordinator handoff. Each annotation corresponds directly to a user story acceptance condition.

The Approach

Four decisions that shaped everything

Rather than a formal design system, the project ran on four working principles derived from the user research. These were used as a practical filter at every wireframe review.

Working principles

Mirror the mental model, not the database.

Screens were organised around how users thought about their work — by trial, by patient, by observation event — not around how the system stored data. Clinical logic, not technical logic.

Language was drawn directly from the paper forms. A clinician should read a field label and recognise it immediately, not translate it. Nothing was relabelled to match generic UX conventions where the organisation's own terminology was more precise.

Exception flows were treated as primary design territory — not edge cases. The coordinator role depended on them. Validation errors stated exactly what was missing and how to fix it. No vague states, no apologetic copy.

Deliverables

What the UX work produced

UX artefacts were produced in parallel with the rebuilt requirements set — each wireframe paired with the user stories and acceptance criteria it corresponded to. Development received a coherent, traceable package.

The single thing this project changed about how I approach clinical UX: familiarity is a feature. Mirroring the paper form's sequence was the most effective trust-building decision made — users recognised the screen before they read it.